Article-6
Technical
Drawings
Technical drawings are a means to communicate
fine, detailed information about a piece of designed jewelry which helps in its
construction. It is the link between the designer and the craftsman. With the
help of technical drawing a craftsman is able to determine how the piece will
turn out to be and what methods of manufacturing he has to apply in order to
attain the desired result.
There are two basic categories of technical
drawing:
Orthographic
Representation
Perspective Drawing
In
this post of Jewel Affair only orthographic representation will be covered.
Importance
of Technical Drawings:
When one looks at the basic front view of a
design it can be interpreted in different ways. For example if one looks at a
circle drawn on paper it can be either interpreted to be a sphere or a flat
disc. But if one provides the same circle with a technical view, it
communicates exactly what has been thought of and hence, it avoids unnecessary
confusion.
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| IMPORTANCE OF TECHNICAL DRAWINGS |
Orthographic
Representation:
It
is a way of representing a three dimensional object in two dimensions. This is
achieved by creating different views of an object. These views are:-
Top view: this view can be defined as the face
of an object or how the product appears when viewed from top.
Front view: the elevation of the product is
referred to as the front view.
Side view: this view usually shows the left or
the right side of an object.
This helps in replicating the product with
precision and accuracy. To create the orthographic representation actual
dimensions of an object are used.
Construction
of an Orthographic View:
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| CONSTRUCTION OF ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEW |
Material
required- pair of set squares, ruler, pencil, eraser and a drawing sheet.
With the help of your set squares draw the ‘x’
and ‘y’ axis. Mark 30 mm on all four quadrants. And then join the marked points
to create a square. What we achieve here is a big square with four small
squares inside. These small squares are called quadrants.
The outlines created are called the projectors
and they are perpendicular to the faces of the object and parallel to each
other.
The quadrants are marked with numbers.
RULE:
Never draw inside the quadrants. Drawing has to
be done on the extended lines of quadrants 2, 3, and 4.
In quadrant 1 we draw an angle of 45° and extend
the line outside the big square. Top view is represented by extension of
quadrant 2. Front view by quadrant 3 and side view by quadrant 4.
Always take the measurements in millimeters and
show the measurements always in the front and side views.
This is the basic guideline of an orthographic
view.
Further illustrated here is the view of a flat
band.
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| ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEW OF A FLAT BAND |
Construction: Material required- pair of set
squares, ruler, pencil, eraser, a drawing sheet and a compass.
Draw the basic guideline as explained above.
Measure the ring size or the finger size, the
thickness of the shank the width of the band and outer size (ring size +
thickness of the shank)
Extend the lines of quadrant 2 horizontally and
vertically. Mark the width of the band on the ‘y’ axis (vertical) and the outer
size on the ‘x’ axis (horizontal). Now, with the help of the set squares draw a
rectangle with these measurements. This is the top view of the band.
Extend the lines of quadrant 2 corresponding to
the outer size vertically downwards to quadrant 3. Mark the outer size on ‘x’
and ‘y’ axis and draw a square of this size. Using a compass to draw a circle
of 9 mm radius, touching the four corners of the square. Also draw a smaller
circle of 8 mm radius inside the 9 mm circle. This represents the elevation or
the front view of the flat band.
To create the side view lines have to be
extended both from top and front view.
From the top view extend the line which
corresponds to the width horizontally until it meets the extended angle line
created in quadrant one. From the point where it meets the angle line, extend
the line vertically downwards.
From the front view extend lines corresponding
to the outer width and lines corresponding to ring size horizontally towards
quadrant 4. When the lines from both the front and top view meet the side view
is automatically created.
One could also create cross sections in the
front and side views to facilitate clear understanding of the design.
For this flat band, cross section of the side
view is presented. To draw the same extend the lines of the side view
vertically downwards. Using the same measurements create the same view as
above. The only difference will be that the cross section will reveal the
thickness of the shank.
Tip: try to imagine the flat band in
your head and how it will look when it is cut.
Imagination
is a powerful tool for a designer. One has to give it a right direction to
achieve desired results. Similarly orthographic view is what will give one the
direction to accomplish the pre-determined idea.
